Search results for "Stock price"

showing 10 items of 13 documents

Director Compensation Incentives and Acquisition Outcomes

2018

The principal objective of this chapter is to investigate the relation between director compensation structure and shareholder interests in the context of acquisitions. Our evidence suggests that acquirer firms that compensate their directors with a higher proportion of incentive-based compensation have significantly higher stock returns around the announcement. An increase in director equity-based pay results in a lower probability of value-destroying acquisitions and a lower acquisition premium for targets. We further find that acquirers with higher equity-based pay exhibit greater improvements in stock price and operating performance following acquisitions.

Bargaining powerIncentiveShareholdereducationPrincipal–agent problemEquity (finance)BusinessMonetary economicshealth care economics and organizationsStock priceStock (geology)
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Martingale Convergence Theorems and Their Applications

2020

We became familiar with martingales X=(X n ) n∈N0 as fair games and found that under certain transformations (optional stopping, discrete stochastic integral) martingales turn into martingales. In this chapter, we will see that under weak conditions (non-negativity or uniform integrability) martingales converge almost surely. Furthermore, the martingale structure implies L p -convergence under assumptions that are (formally) weaker than those of Chapter 7. The basic ideas of this chapter are Doob’s inequality (Theorem 11.4) and the upcrossing inequality (Lemma 11.3).

Doob's martingale inequalityUniform integrabilityPure mathematicsDoob's martingale convergence theoremsLocal martingaleAlmost surelyMartingale (probability theory)Stock priceStochastic integralMathematics
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Factor Momentum, Investor Sentiment, and Option-Implied Volatility-Scaling

2020

Factor momentum produces robust average returns that exhibit a similar economic magnitude as documented for stock price momentum. To the extent that the PEAD factor captures mispricing, winner factors profit from being long on underpriced stocks and short on overpriced stocks. Oppositely, loser factors’ negative exposure to the PEAD factor suggests that loser factors capture mispricing by being long on overpriced stocks and short on underpriced stocks. Option-implied volatility scaling increases both the economic magnitude and statistical significance of factor momentum. Factor momentum is not exposed to the same crashes as stock price momentum and could therefore serve as a hedge for stock…

EconometricsEconomicsImplied volatilityVolatility (finance)ScalingStock priceProfit (economics)SSRN Electronic Journal
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Are there threshold effects in the stock price–dividend relation? The case of the US stock market, 1871–2004

2008

We use recent developments on threshold autoregressive models that allow deriving endogenously threshold effects to analyse the evolution of the US stock price–dividend relation over the period 1871 to 2004. More specifically, a mean-reverting dynamic behaviour of the stock price–dividend ratio should be expected once such threshold is reached. Our empirical results showed that significant adjustments would occur when, in a particular year, the stock price–dividend ratio had shown a decrease of more than 8.0% between the previous year and the fourth year before, which implies nonlinearities in the dynamic behaviour of the US stock price–dividend relation.

Economics and EconometricsAutoregressive modelFinancial economicsEconomicsEconometricsDividendStock marketFinanceStock priceStock (geology)Applied Financial Economics
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Extreme value theory versus traditional GARCH approaches applied to financial data: a comparative evaluation

2013

Although stock prices fluctuate, the variations are relatively small and are frequently assumed to be normally distributed on a large time scale. But sometimes these fluctuations can become determinant, especially when unforeseen large drops in asset prices are observed that could result in huge losses or even in market crashes. The evidence shows that these events happen far more often than would be expected under the generalised assumption of normally distributed financial returns. Thus it is crucial to model distribution tails properly so as to be able to predict the frequency and magnitude of extreme stock price returns. In this paper we follow the approach suggested by McNeil and Frey …

FinanceFinancial economicsbusiness.industryAutoregressive conditional heteroskedasticityFinancial marketStock priceComparative evaluationMark to modelEconometricsEconomicsEspeculacions mercantilsEntitats financeresExtreme value theorybusinessGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceFinanceStock (geology)QuantileQuantitative Finance
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The Duke treadmill score with bicycle ergometer: Exercise capacity is the most important predictor of cardiovascular mortality

2018

Background The Duke treadmill score, a widely used treadmill testing tool, is a weighted index combining exercise time or capacity, maximum ST-segment deviation and exercise-induced angina. No previous studies have investigated whether the Duke treadmill score and its individual components based on bicycle exercise testing predict cardiovascular death. Design Two populations with a standard bicycle testing were used: 3936 patients referred for exercise testing (2371 men, age 56 ± 13 years) from the Finnish Cardiovascular Study (FINCAVAS) and a population-based sample of 2683 men (age 53 ± 5.1 years) from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease study (KIHD). Methods Cox regression was applied for…

MaleTime FactorsEpidemiologyDuke treadmill score030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyFull Research PaperAngina0302 clinical medicineRisk Factorscardiovascular mortalityCause of DeathMedicine030212 general & internal medicineSegment deviationta315FinlandExercise ToleranceSisätaudit - Internal medicineta3141Exercise capacityTreadmill testingMiddle AgedPrognosisfyysinen kuntoCardiorespiratory FitnessCardiovascular DiseasesCardiologyBody Compositionstress testFemaleBicycle ergometerCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineRisk PredictionAdultkuolleisuusmedicine.medical_specialtyBiolääketieteet - BiomedicinekuntotestitRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciencesPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicineHumansCardiovascular mortalityAgedbusiness.industryprognostic factorsennusteet217 Medical engineeringmedicine.diseaseBicyclingPhysical Fitness3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineExercise Testsydän- ja verisuonitauditStock price indexbusiness
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Market Timing with a Robust Moving Average

2015

In this paper we entertain a method of finding the most robust moving average weighting scheme to use for the purpose of timing the market. Robustness of a weighting scheme is defined its ability to generate sustainable performance under all possible market scenarios regardless of the size of the averaging window. The method is illustrated using the long-run historical data on the Standard and Poor's Composite stock price index. We find the most robust moving average weighting scheme, demonstrates its advantages, and discuss its practical implementation.

Scheme (programming language)Moving averageRobustness (computer science)Technical analysisEconometricsEconomicsStock price indexA-weightingMarket timingcomputercomputer.programming_languageWeightingSSRN Electronic Journal
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Shareholder Wealth Effects of Women on Boards Promoting Policies: Evidence from Germany

2017

This study discusses differences in the effectiveness of voluntary and mandatory policies promoting women on boards and their potential effects on stock price returns. Furthermore, it classifies the announcements of the policy proposals discussed in Germany and analyzes their impact using event study methodology. The event date identification follows a two-step procedure employing search engine query data from GoogleTrends and traditional search methods using Lexis-Nexis and newspapers. One key event produces negative significant cumulative abnormal stock returns (CAR) of approximately 1.3 percentage points. Further regression analysis of the CAR reveals that the share of women on the super…

Shareholderbusiness.industryTurnoverCorporate governanceRegression analysisAccountingbusinessShareholder valueStock priceStock (geology)NewspaperSSRN Electronic Journal
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Statistical Properties of Statistical Ensembles of Stock Returns

1999

We select n stocks traded in the New York Stock Exchange and we form a statistical ensemble of daily stock returns for each of the k trading days of our database from the stock price time series. We analyze each ensemble of stock returns by extracting its first four central moments. We observe that these moments are fluctuating in time and are stochastic processes themselves. We characterize the statistical properties of central moments by investigating their probability density function and temporal correlation properties.

Statistical ensemblePhysics::Physics and SocietyStatistical Finance (q-fin.ST)Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Stochastic processFinancial economicsQuantitative Finance - Statistical FinanceFOS: Physical sciencesProbability density functionTemporal correlationStock priceFOS: Economics and businessStock exchangeComputer Science::Computational Engineering Finance and ScienceEconomicsEconometricsGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceFinanceStock (geology)Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Dynamics of the Number of Trades of Financial Securities

1999

We perform a parallel analysis of the spectral density of (i) the logarithm of price and (ii) the daily number of trades of a set of stocks traded in the New York Stock Exchange. The stocks are selected to be representative of a wide range of stock capitalization. The observed spectral densities show a different power-law behavior. We confirm the $1/f^2$ behavior for the spectral density of the logarithm of stock price whereas we detect a $1/f$-like behavior for the spectral density of the daily number of trades.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysics::Physics and SocietyStatistical Finance (q-fin.ST)LogarithmStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Spectral densityFOS: Physical sciencesQuantitative Finance - Statistical FinanceCondensed Matter PhysicsStock priceFOS: Economics and businessStock exchangeComputer Science::Computational Engineering Finance and ScienceEconometricsStock (geology)Condensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematics
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